Acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Such radiation may be accidental--as in Chernobyl (See, f.i., Darby et al., 1992); or it may be therapeutic. thither is also concern that the environmental and social changes which often come life-threatening illness may realize of latent mental and social consequences.

What worry doctors and patients alike argon the possible late effects ofs empirical evidence would seem to indicate that learnedness style is an individual characteristic, possibly the resultant of

iation and chemotherapy. Moore (1985) defines late effects

as the chronic and adverse changes in tissues, organs, or behavioral systems which become manifest several months or years aft(prenominal) the termination of hobocer treatment. This definition implies that the acute and reversible responses to therapy pick up resolved, so that the alterations in structure and/or function are residual and persistent (p.45).

"The debate about the role of cranial irradiation, its dose and which group should receive it, has not been resolved", focal point Kempton and Rees (1990, p. 28). Wheeler et al. (1988) are of the opinion that the most worrying long-term neurological deficits are the learning deficits which have become apparent. some other major worry for the long-term survivors is the susceptibility to second neoplasms (pp. 162-3).

Higby (1984) stresses the need for supportive caution of the leukemia patient.

Educators, sociologists, and psychologists have been concerned with the effects on parents of leukemic children. Brown, Kaslow, and Hazzard (1992) informed that

Supportive care covers all those clinical activities which do not comprise a direct attack upon the disease. In the treatment of the leukemia patient, the goals o

Clayton et al. (1988) assessed the growth signifier of 82 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), who achieved complete continuous first pardon following treatment. They reported that

The child afflicted with HIV is specially vulnerable to leukemia inasmuch as his or her immune system is deficient.

It is cognize that the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) often results in opportunistic contagious diseases, neurologic lesions, and malignancies in individuals without antecedent history of immunologic abnormality. Coincidence of HIV and leukemia cumulates the susceptibility and is expect to lead to higher morbidity and mortality rates. Treatment tends to cartel those for AIDS with those for leukemia, thereby stressing the child (and his family) even more than if he had either one of the diseases only. Moreover, little is known of the interactions of the agents used in HIV and leukemia therapies. Despite the fact that cells other than T4 can be affected and regardless of whether the abnormalities seen are of cellular or humoral immunity, the complete spectrum of immunologic dysfunction in AIDS can be explained by loss of function of the critically valuable T4 helper lymphocytes. A variety of neurologic syndromes may choke as a result of infection or, presumably, as a result of direct injury by HIV infection of nervous system cells. Leukemia might readily constitute such injury, and therefore add injury to injury. No specific publications seems to have dealt with this added complication.

From single therapeutic agents to combinations of agen
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